用好国外贷款推进节能减排的实践探讨

推进中小城市节能减排,资金是关键,也是瓶颈。利用国外贷款,是解决中小城市节能减排资金难题的重要途径。文章以山东海河流域污染治理利用亚行贷款项目为例,探讨了用好国外贷款推进中小城市节能减排的基本经验和主要问题,并提出了发挥国外贷款最大效益、深化国际金融合作、加快中小城市公用事业市场化改革的相关建议。     

对“十二五”加快电力发展方式转变的思考

电力行业要应对包括低碳在内的能源革命的挑战，必须加快电力发展方式转变。阐述了加快电力发展方式转变的必要性，指出电力结构调整是实现电力发展方式转变的必由之路，而提高自主创新能力是加快电力发展方式转变的必然要求；结合我国国情思考了“十二五”电力结构调整的思路、原则和重点，指出了目前存在的或可能出现的问题，并提出了相应的意见和建议；根据电力科技现状，提出了需要自主研发和掌握的关键技术，从而不断提高电力系统的整体效率、效益和安全性。     

我国碳金融发展的形势展望与政策建议

当前，应对气候变化已成为全球问题，其中市场机制和金融工具的作用非常关键。我国作为全球最主要的温室气体排放国之一，减排的国际压力可能继续上升。而实现国民经济的长期可持续发展，也需要经济发展方式从能源消耗模式转向低碳模式。这种长期减排的压力给我国碳金融的发展带来了机遇。但以现实条件而言，当前我国碳金融仍处于非常初级的探索阶段，为此，文章提出了短期内推动我国碳金融发展的关注重点及相关政策建议。     

电力工业绿色和谐发展路径研究

本文从电源结构和火电行业发展两方面研究资源与环境双重压力下的电力工业发展路径。结果表明:①电源结构优化效果明显,可通过区域协调发展有效保障;②火电主导地位牢不可破,考虑资源效率和环境影响是电力工业评价的必经之路。     

The impact of microcredit on self‐employment profits in Vietnam

This study examines the impact of microcredit on household self‐employment profits in Vietnam. For two indicators of credit participation – a dichotomous participation dummy and the accumulated amount of microcredit received per household – the analysis reveals a positive effect on household profits. The analysis also reveals that an instrumental variable method within a fixed‐effects framework can control for the possible endogeneity of credit and thereby identify the true effect of credit.     

Developing energy conservation and carbon reduction indicators for the hotel industry in Taiwan

This study develops and weights energy conservation and carbon reduction (ECCR) indicators for the hotel industry in Taiwan to create an instrument to help address climate change. Eighteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with senior hotel managers, environmental specialists, and government officials to identify the preliminary ECCR framework. An expert panel then was invited to review the structure of ECCR criteria and the compiled criteria in a structure for item modification. An analytic network process questionnaire survey was employed to determine the relative weights of the criteria. The data analysis reveals seven categories in the ECCR framework: communication and participation, top management commitment, energy, water, waste, building, and purchasing. A total of 32 indicators were identified and prioritized in terms of their relative importance to ECCR contributions. The results of this study suggest that the success of ECCR implementation depends primarily on management support and staff engagement. Hotel operators can improve their environmental management by initiating ECCR practices based on the proposed ECCR indicators.     

企业节能减排面临问题与对策

文章结合工作实践,谈及当前社会与供电企业节能减排面临问题及应对措施,同时介绍了一些供电企业节能减排的具体情况,供同行参考。     

基础设施对包容性增长的影响探讨

包容性增长日益成为关注的议题,经济政策的重点不仅要维持增长速度还要将增长收益惠及所有的人及地区.本文运用文献法、归纳法等方法介绍了基础设施的特征,阐述了基础设施通过对经济增长与减贫的影响而对包容性增长起着关键作用.我国经济要实现包容性增长,就要加强对基础设施的投资.     

Evaluating,Comparing, Monitoring,and Improving Representativeness of Survey Response Through R‐Indicators and Partial R‐Indicators

Non‐response is a common source of error in many surveys. Because surveys often are costly instruments, quality‐cost trade‐offs play a continuing role in the design and analysis of surveys. The advances of telephone, computers, and Internet all had and still have considerable impact on the design of surveys. Recently, a strong focus on methods for survey data collection monitoring and tailoring has emerged as a new paradigm to efficiently reduce non‐response error. Paradata and adaptive survey designs are key words in these new developments. Prerequisites to evaluating, comparing, monitoring, and improving quality of survey response are a conceptual framework for representative survey response, indicators to measure deviations thereof, and indicators to identify subpopulations that need increased effort. In this paper, we present an overview of representativeness indicators or R‐indicators that are fit for these purposes. We give several examples and provide guidelines for their use in practice.